Essay

By Noam Backner

Spies and the Twilight of Empire

Frederick Marshman Bailey in the uniform of an Austrian soldier.

Frederick Marshman Bailey in Austrian military uniform

Bailey in the uniform of an Austrian soldier.

Bailey in Russian disguise.

Bailey’s route through Russian Central Asia.

The Himalayan blue poppy (Meconopsis betonicifolia), once named Meconopsis baileyi in his honor. For many, the original name still sticks.

Frederick Marshman Bailey disguised as a Russian
Map of Bailey's route through Central Asia
A Himalayan blue poppy flower
Historical portrait of Frederick Marshman Bailey

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